Breast lmplant Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: An Extensive Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48111/2021.03.07Keywords:
ALCL, Cancer, Implants, Breast Cancer, BIA ALCLAbstract
Breast implant associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a newly diagnosed non Hodgkin lymphoma. This is a variant of T cell lymphoma and a rare disease but its increasing use in patients with breast implants after mastectomy makes it more challenging for whole of the world. The exact pathogenesis has not been explained so far. It generally appears as a unilateral effusion limited to the capsule of textured implants. BIA-ALCL has a tendency for mass formation that spread regionally through capsule into surrounding tissues and then from soft tissues to lymph nodes. Unlike other non Hodgkin lymphoma, in BIA ALCL surgery is a mainstay of the treatment and it includes removal of capsule and implant at early stage (stage I and II). For advanced stages III and IV, adjuvant therapy including chemotherapy, radiation therapy and brentuximab vedotin is used. Basic theme and aim of our review article is to precise all information available on BIA- ALCL including its prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical findings, imaging, algorithm for treatment and recent international recommendations on BIA-ALCL. By this review, we want to increase the understanding and bring awareness in practitioner’s community about BIA-ALCL.
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