We follow ICMJE recommndations on manuscript handling. The practice of peer review is to ensure that only good science is published. It is an objective process at the heart of good scholarly publishing and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. Our referees play a vital role in maintaining the high standards Review Policy and all manuscripts are peer-reviewed following the procedure outlined below:

Initial manuscript evaluation 

The Editor first evaluates all manuscripts. It is rare, but it is possible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. Manuscripts rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are normally passed on to at least 2 experts for review. Most of the submitted manuscripts are reviewed except few invited or editorial content. 

Type of Peer Review

Policy employs double-blind reviewing, where both the referee and author remain anonymous throughout the process.

How the Referee is selected

Whenever possible, referees are matched to the paper according to their expertise and our database is constantly being updated. The referee is selected both from the editorial team and outside and depending on the author's suggestions. 

Referee Reports

Referees are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript: - Is original - Is methodologically sound - Follows appropriate ethical guidelines - Has results that are clearly presented and support the conclusions - Correctly references previous relevant work. This is a systematic process and works on the well-designed Peer Review Proforma. The confidentiality of the peer review is ensured. Reviewers are encouraged to report conflict of interest, ethical misconduct etc. 

Language correction is not part of the peer-review process, but referees may, if so wish, suggest corrections to the manuscript.

How long does the review process take?

The time required for the review process is dependent on the response of the referees. Should the referee's reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed, a further expert opinion will be sought. The Editor's decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees, which usually includes verbatim comments by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of a manuscript.

Final Report

A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the referees and may include verbatim comments by the referees.

Editor's Decision is Final

Referees advise the editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.

Conflict of Interest

All reviewers and editors have to declare any potential conflicts of interest if any. We follow COPE and ICMJE guidelines in this regard.